Copyright Agreement and Acknowledgement of Authorship Form

ICMJE Form 

For comprehensive information regarding the journal's policies on submission, peer-review, publication, and ethical standards, kindly visit the Policies page. Similarly, for detailed information about the journal, please visit the About page.

It is strongly advised to review the journal's policies before submitting any manuscripts to ensure compliance with the journal's guidelines.

Manuscripts submitted for evaluation should be original and not previously presented or published in any electronic or print medium. If a manuscript was previously presented at a conference or meeting, authors should provide detailed information about the event, including the name, date, and location of the organization.

Manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with ICMJE-Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (updated in May 2023). 

Authors are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with the relevant guideline listed below:

•    Randomized research studies and clinical trials: CONSORT guidelines (for protocols, please see the SPIRIT guidance)
•    Observational original research studies: STROBE guidelines 
•    Studies on diagnostic accuracy: STARD guidelines
•    Systematic reviews and meta-analysis: PRISMA guidelines (for protocols, please see the PRISMA-P guidelines)
•    Experimental animal studies: ARRIVE guidelines and Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition
•    Nonrandomized evaluations of behavioral and public health interventions: TREND guidelines
•    Case report: the CARE case report guidelines
•    Genetic association studies: STREGA
•    Qualitative research: SRQR guidelines

To find the right guideline for your research, please complete the questionnaire by Equator Network here.

Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology encourages authors to follow the ‘Sex and Gender Equity in Research – SAGER – guidelines’ when preparing their manuscripts to promote the inclusion of sex and gender considerations in research. Before submission, authors can consult EASE Guidelines for Authors and Translators to produce clear, concise and accurate manuscripts that are easy to understand and free of common errors and pitfalls.

The style of manuscripts should follow the AMA Manual of Style, 11th Edition.
 
Manuscripts can only be submitted through the journal’s online manuscript submission and evaluation system. Manuscripts submitted via any other medium and submissions by anyone other than one of the authors will not be evaluated.
 
In addition to the manuscript files, authors are required to submit the following during the initial submission:

· Copyright Agreement and Acknowledgement of Authorship Form, and
· ICMJE Disclosure Form  (should be filled in by all contributing authors) These forms are available for download at turkjgastroenterol.org.

Preparation of the Manuscript

Title page: A separate title page should be submitted with all submissions and this page should include:
•    The full title of the manuscript as well as a short title (running head) of no more than 50 characters,
•    Name(s), affiliations, highest academic degree(s), and ORCID IDs of the author(s),
•    Grant information and detailed information on the other sources of support,
•    Name, address, telephone (including the mobile phone number), and email address of the corresponding author,
•    Acknowledgment of the individuals who contributed to the preparation of the manuscript but who do not fulfill the authorship criteria.
•    If the author(s) is a member of the journal’s Editorial Board, this should be specified in the title page.
 
Abstract: An abstract should be submitted with all submissions except for Letters to the Editor. The abstract of Research Articles should be structured with subheadings (Background/Aims, Materials and Methods, Results, and Conclusion). Please check Table 1 below for word count specifications.

The Background section should provide brief background information about the topic, identify gaps in the existing literature, and clearly state the study's objectives. The Methods section should outline the study design, inclusion and exclusion criteria, sampling techniques, subject categorization, and outcome measures. The Results section should present the dropout rate and results of the primary and, more important secondary outcome measures, including numerical data and statistical significance. Finally, the Conclusion section should convey the study's take-home message, address the hypothesis stated in the Background section, and discuss the study's implications.
 
Keywords: Each submission must be accompanied by a minimum of three to a maximum of six keywords for subject indexing at the end of the abstract. The keywords should be listed in full without abbreviations. The keywords should be selected from the National Library of Medicine, Medical Subject Headings database (https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html).
 
Main Points: All submissions except letters to the editor should be accompanied by 3 to 5 “main points.” These main points should highlight the most important results of the study and emphasize the main message of the manuscript. The main points should be structured as a list and should be written in a clear and straightforward manner. Since the main points are intended for experts and specialists in the field, they should be written in plain language that is easy to understand. By including main points with the manuscript, authors can help ensure that the most important findings and messages of their study are conveyed clearly to the reader.



Manuscript Types
Original Articles: Research articles provide new information based on original research. The acceptance of research articles is typically based on the originality and importance of the research. The main text of a Research Article should be structured with subheadings, including Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, and Discussion. 

Limitations, drawbacks, and the shortcomings of original articles should be mentioned in the Discussion section before the conclusion paragraph.

Please check Table 1 for the limitations for Original Articles. 

Clinical Trials 
Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology adopts the ICMJE's clinical trial registration policy, which requires that clinical trials must be registered in a publicly accessible registry that is a primary register of the WHO International Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) or in ClinicalTrials.gov. By registering clinical trials in a publicly accessible registry, authors can help to promote transparency and accountability in their research.
Instructions for the clinical trials are listed below.

• Clinical trial registry is only required for the prospective research projects that study the relationship between a health-related intervention and an outcome by assigning people to different groups.
• To have their manuscript evaluated in the journal, authors should register their research to a public registry at or before the time of first patient enrollment.
• Based on most up to date ICMJE recommendations, Turkish Journal of Gastroentereology accepts public registries that include minimum acceptable 24-item trial registration dataset.
• Authors are required to state a data sharing plan for the clinical trial registration. Please see details under the “Data Sharing” section.
• For further details, please check ICMJE Clinical Trial Policy and COPE Data and Reproducibility guidelines.

Reporting Statistical Analysis 
Statistical analysis to support conclusions is usually necessary. Statistical analyses must be conducted in accordance with international statistical reporting standards (Altman DG, Gore SM, Gardner MJ, Pocock SJ. Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical journals. Br Med J 1983: 7; 1489-93). Information on statistical analyses should be provided with a separate subheading under the Materials and Methods section and the statistical software that was used during the process must be specified.

When reporting statistical data in a research paper, it is important to present the values in a clear and consistent manner. P values, confidence intervals (CIs), and other statistical measures should be rounded appropriately and expressed according to the guidelines provided. For example, P values should be expressed to two digits to the right of the decimal point unless the first two digits are zeros, in which case three digits should be provided (eg, instead of P < .01, report as P = .002). However, values close to .05 may be reported to three decimal places because .05 is an arbitrary cut-off point for statistical significance (eg,  P = .053). P values less than .001 should be designated as P < .001 rather than providing the exact value (eg, P = .000006). 

Units should be prepared in accordance with the International System of Units (SI).

Editorial Comments: Invited editorial comments on selected articles are published in the journal to provide expert insight and critical analysis of the research presented. These comments are written by authors who have demonstrated expertise or a high reputation in the topic of the research article. The journal carefully selects and invites these authors to contribute their comments. The editorial comments should not exceed 1000 words in length and should not include an abstract, keywords, tables, figures, images, or other media.

Review Articles: Reviews from authors without invitations are welcome when they come from individuals with extensive knowledge and expertise in a particular field, as well as a strong track record of publication. These authors may even be invited to contribute a review article to the journal. Review articles should provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on a topic in clinical practice and should include discussions and evaluations of relevant research. The subheadings of the review articles can be planned by the authors. However, each review article should include an “Introduction” and a “Conclusion” section. Please check Table 1 for the limitations for Review Articles.

Video Articles: The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology welcomes submissions for its Video Article Section, presenting intriguing and rare clinical cases or innovative endoscopic techniques. Each submission must comprise a video file with an accompanying oral explanation and a typed description. The description should not exceed 600 words and should include figures (up to 4), tables (up to 2), references (up to 5), a written narration of the video, and a video legend. It's pivotal for authors to provide a succinct and clear oral narration, emphasizing the main points of their submission and elucidating the clinical or technical significance. The Journal also mandates a figure for promotional purposes on social media, which could be a frame from the video, visual abstract, or clinical image. Videos should not exceed 6 minutes, must utilize the journal's presentation template, and be submitted in MP4 MPEG-1/2 (.mpg) or Quicktime (.mov) format, with a file size constraint of 300 MB.

It is imperative for authors to obtain written patient consent for the website use of information contained within the video. Upholding its staunch commitment to patient data protection and privacy, The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology will not approve any videos disclosing patient information. Any submission infringing on this policy will be swiftly declined. Accepted multimedia pieces will be indefinitely archived on the Journal’s website and will not be returned. The editorial board retains the discretion to edit submissions, and reviewers might offer feedback and propose alterations.

Video Presentation Template

Letters to the Editor: Readers can present their comments on the published manuscripts in the form of a “Letter to the Editor.” This type of manuscript should discuss important parts, overlooked aspects, or lacking parts of a previously published article. Abstract, Keywords, Tables, Figures, Images, or other media should not be included. The text should be unstructured. The manuscript that is being commented on must be properly cited within this manuscript. To compose a letter concerning an article published in the Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology, the article must have been published within the last 6 months.

Research Letter: "Research Letters" are concise reports of original research that highlight new findings or observations in a specific field. They should be a maximum of 600 words in length, with no more than 6 references and 6 authors, and should not include any supplementary material or subsections. Research Letters may include up to 2 tables or figures. Research Letters do not require an abstract or keywords, and do not have to be structured into separate sections. These manuscripts are intended to provide a quick and concise presentation of new research that is of interest to the journal's readership. Please refer to Table 1 for the limitations of Research Letter.

Quick look to guidelines: These manuscripts are summaries of published guidelines. Abstract, Keywords, Tables, Figures, Images, or other media should not be included. The text should be unstructured. The guideline that is being summarized must be properly cited within the manuscript.

Table 1. Limitations for each manuscript type

*Word limit should not include the abstract, references, tables, and figure legends.

Tables
Tables should be included in the main document, after the reference list, and they should be numbered consecutively in the order they are referred to within the text. Each table should have a descriptive title placed above it, and any abbreviations used in the table should be defined below the table by footnotes (even if they are defined in the main text). Tables should be created using the "insert table" command of the Word processing software, and they should be arranged clearly to make the data easy to read and understand. The data presented in the tables should not be a repetition of the data presented in the main text, but should support and enhance the main text.
 
Figures and Figure Legends
Figures should be submitted as separate files in TIFF or JPEG format, and they should not be embedded in the Word document or the main manuscript file. If a figure has subunits, each subunit should be submitted as a separate file, and the subunits should not be merged into a single image. The figures should not be labeled (a, b, c, etc.) to indicate subunits. Instead, the figure legend should be used to describe the different parts of the figure. Thick and thin arrows, arrowheads, stars, asterisks, and similar marks can be used on the images to support figure legends.Images should be anonymized to remove any information that may identify individuals or institutions. The minimum resolution of each figure should be 300 DPI, and the figures should be clear and easy to read. Figure legends should be listed at the end of the main document. Figures should be referred to within the main text, and they should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are mentioned. 

Abbreviations
All acronyms and abbreviations used in the manuscript should be defined at first use, both in the abstract and in the main text. The abbreviation should be provided in parentheses following the definition, and it should be used consistently throughout the paper.

Identifying products
When mentioning a drug, product, hardware, or software program in a manuscript, it is important to provide detailed information about the product in parentheses. This should include the name of the product, the producer of the product, and the city and country of the company. For example, if mentioning a Discovery St PET/CT scanner produced by General Electric in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, the information should be presented in the following format: "Discovery St PET/CT scanner (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI, USA)." Providing this information helps to ensure that the product is properly identified and credited.

Supplementary Materials
Supplementary materials, including audio files, videos, datasets, and additional documents (e.g., appendices, additional figures, tables), are intended to complement the main text of the manuscript. These supplementary materials should be submitted as a separate section after the references list. Concise descriptions of each supplementary material should be included to explain their relevance to the manuscript. Page numbers are not required for supplementary materials.

References
Both in-text citations and the references must be prepared according to the AMA Manual of Style 11th Edition.

When citing publications, preference should be given to the latest, most up-to-date sources. Citing the latest sources can help to ensure that the paper is relevant and timely, and that it reflects the latest developments in the field.

It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure the accuracy of the references in their article. All sources must be properly cited, and the citations must be formatted correctly.

In the main text of the manuscript, references should be cited in superscript after punctuation. 

If an ahead-of-print publication is cited, the DOI number should be provided in the reference list.

Journal titles should be abbreviated in the reference list in accordance with the journal abbreviations in Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed. 

When there are six or fewer authors, all authors should be listed. If there are seven or more authors, the first three authors should be listed followed by “et al.” in the reference list. 

The reference styles for different types of publications are presented in the following examples.
 
Journal Article: Ammitzboll C, Andersen JB, Vils SR, et al. Isolation, behavioral changes, and low seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res. 2022;74(11):1780-1785.

Book Section: Cohen EL. The multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary nature of health communication scholarship. In: Thompson TL, Harrington NG, eds. The Routledge Handbook of Health Communication. London: Routledge;2022:3-16.

Books with a Single Author: Haslwanter T. An Introduction to Statistics with Python. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer International Publishing; 2022.

Editor(s) as Author: Thompson TL, Harrington NG, eds. The Routledge Handbook of Health Communication. London: Routledge;2022.

Thesis: Chunga A. The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota in Colonisation Resistance Against Common Enteric Pathogens in Malawian Children. Dissertation. University of Liverpool; 2022.

Websites:  International Society for Infectious Diseases. ProMed-mail. Accessed December 13, 2022. http://www.promedmail.org 

Epub Ahead of Print Articles: Torres X, Bennasar M, Bautista-Rodríguez C, et al. The heart after surviving twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Mar 26. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.03.049. [Epub ahead of print].

PRODUCTION
Once a manuscript has been accepted for publication, it goes through a copy-editing process by professional language editors to ensure that it is clear and well-written. This process may involve correcting grammar, punctuation, and formatting errors, as well as making changes to improve the overall clarity and readability of the manuscript.

After the copy-editing process is complete, the manuscript is published online as an "ahead-of-print" publication, which means that it is available to readers before it is included in a scheduled issue of the journal. This allows readers to access the latest research as soon as it becomes available.

Before the manuscript is officially published, the corresponding author is sent a PDF proof of the accepted manuscript for review. The corresponding author is asked to review the proof and approve it for publication within a specified time period, typically 2 days. This is an important step in the publication process, as it allows the author to catch any errors or make any final changes before the manuscript is published.